Problems and Solutions for Mounting the WOCE DVDs on Workstations Running the Unix Operating System

Problems have been found mounting this disk correctly on Sun Solaris 
2.8 and 2.9 workstations. (October 2002) The problem may occur with 
other Solaris and unix operating systems.

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THE PROBLEM

The problem concerns mapping of filenames to lower case.

The WOCE DVD file format is UDF (Universal Disk Format), so it should 
be mounted as a udfs filesystem. When a DVD is inserted in a Solaris 
workstation, the default action is that the workstation attempts to 
mount it as a hsfs (High Sierra) filesystem. The default action for 
hsfs filesystems in Solaris 2.8 and 2.9 is to map filenames to lower 
case.

Therefore filenames with uppercase characters do not appear 
correctly. Furthermore, HTML links to these files may not work.

An example of an uppercase filename that appears on both WOCE DVDs is

utils/netcdf/netcdf_primer/Appendix_bug_gennet.htm

where utils is a directory immediately below the top level.

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WHY IS THERE A PROBLEM ON THIS DVD AND NOT ON WOCE V1 AND V2 CDROMS?

Normally, the way this problem is solved, for example when burning 
cdroms for use on unix, is to use RockRidge extensions. If RockRidge 
extensions are recognised on the disk, the cdrom is mounted as hsfs 
without mapping to lowercase.

The WOCE DVDs are 2-layer DVDs, and as such can only be replicated by 
commercial companies using expensive equipment. Despite extensive 
efforts, it has not been possible to master the DVDs with RockRidge 
(RR) extensions. There is plenty of mastering software for 
single-layer DVDs with RR extensions, but only one that we have found 
that could be utilized by the replication company to produce 2-layer 
DVDs with RR extensions. Unfortunately, this software did not produce 
a robust, stable trial disk. The disk caused various problems when 
mounted as hsfs in Solaris machines.

Therefore the WOCE V3 DVDs do not have RockRidge extensions and the 
current releases of Solaris do not mount it correctly. Sun is aware 
of the problem (of udfs disks mounting as hsfs) and it has a bug 
number.

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SUGGESTED SOLUTION

The disks have been found to work satisfactorily in Solaris 2.9, if 
they are mounted without filename mapping to lowercase.

This can be achieved with a once-only change to the system file 
/etc/rmmount.conf

System administrator (root) authority is required.

First: vold must be stopped. For example: /etc/init.d/volmgt stop [or 
some such path]

Second: edit /etc/rmmount.conf :
If there is already a mount cdrom* hsfs line, add the nomaplcase 
option. If not, append the following line:

mount cdrom* hsfs -o nomaplcase

Third: restart vold:
/etc/init.d/volmgt start

A DVD inserted should now be mounted without mapping to lowercase.

Insert a DVD and check:

>grep cdrom /etc/mnttab
/vol/dev/dsk/c0t6d0/wocedata_2 /cdrom/wocedata_2 hsfs 
noglobal,nomaplcase,ro,rr,traildot,dev=16c0001 1035563474

Note 'nomaplcase'. If the list of options includes 'maplcase' the 
modification has not been recognised. Perhaps vold wasn't stopped and 
started correctly.

Also, check the file on the WOCE V3 DVD

utils/netcdf/netcdf_primer/Appendix_bug_gennet.htm

appears with an uppercase A for Appendix

Beware, that all disks will now be mounted without mapping to 
lowercase. If you require mapping to lowercase for other disks, 
consult your system administrator.

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OTHER SOLUTIONS

It is possible to do a manual mount of any particular disk with 
nomaplcase. It is also possible to use the mount command to force a 
mount as udfs. This requires system administrator permission every 
time the disk is inserted. Consult your system administrator for 
further instructions.